By Dana Jones, M.S.
Fibromyalgia is a syndrome distinguished by chronic pain in the muscles, ligaments, tendons or bursae around joints. Fibromyalgia is composed of the following roots: fibro- (fibrous, for the soft tissues of the body under the skin, especially around the joints, including tendons and ligaments), my- (myo, for muscles), and -algia (pain). Therefore, fibromyalgia means pain in the supporting tissues of the body, such as tissues around the knee or muscles around the shoulder.
About five million people in the United States and about 1.5% of the populations of other countries are affected by fibromyalgia. The cause is unknown, but many factors are suspected. such as physical or emotional trauma, hormonal changes, illness and muscle abnormalities. It is more common in women than in men and, as of yet, there is no cure.
The foremost symptom of fibromyalgia is pain. Occurring in soft tissue, the pain can be described as burning, gnawing, sore, stiff, shooting, deep aching or radiating. Time of day, weather, activity level, stress and sleep patterns can affect pain intensity. The patient is usually stiff upon awakening and may hurt all over to the point of being unable to function normally. Muscle cramps and spasms are common at night. Fatigue, neurological symptoms, severe tension headaches, irritable bowel syndrome and swelling can also occur.
As mentioned previously, there is no cure for fibromyalgia, but there is something that can reduce the symptoms. Research has confirmed that exercise can be very beneficial to those suffering from fibromyalgia. Aerobic exercise such as swimming and walking improves muscle fitness and reduces muscle pain and tenderness. Increasing overall fitness levels helps improve sleep and makes coping with pain and stress more effective. Heat and massage may also provide some short-term relief.
Workouts should start with a warm-up and slowly increase in intensity before vigorous endurance exercises. Stretching and strengthening exercises are beneficial because they reduce stiffness and help keep muscles strong and joints flexible. People with fibromyalgia may have more difficulty staying motivated, but those who continue exercising see significant changes and feel better about themselves.
For additional information please contact NIFS at 317.274.3432.