The human body is like a car - it needs fuel to function, but instead of gas, we rely on calories from foods and beverages for energy.

Adequate energy is needed for all bodily processes, including essential functions like keeping your heart beating, your lungs breathing, and maintaining your body temperature within range, as well as other activities like day-to-day movement and structured exercise.

Carbohydrates are the body’s primary source of energy. Carbohydrates are found in fruits, vegetables, grains, beans, and many other foods. When consumed, the body converts carbohydrates to glucose, which is used immediately for energy or stored as glycogen for future use. If excessive energy is consumed, it is stored as fat to be burned later in the absence of energy from food.

Simple carbohydrates - or those without fiber-such as sugar-sweetened beverages like soda and juice, white and enriched grains, and highly processed foods that are rich in starches and sugars, are broken down quickly and provide a rapid increase in energy. When a diabetic experiences episodes of low blood sugar, it is recommended that the individual be given simple carbohydrates to rapidly bring their blood sugar levels back up to the normal range. However, if blood sugar levels are stable and blood glucose rises rapidly, a quick decline will also occur, which often results in fatigue, irritability, and a desire for a new “quick fix” of energy, leading you to crave and reach for more simple carbohydrates.

Complex carbohydrates - or fiber-containing carbohydrates- are broken down more slowly, which provides a steady supply of energy, which is why it is recommended to opt for complex carbohydrates more often than not. Complex carbohydrates include whole grains, such as 100% whole wheat bread, brown rice, quinoa, fruits and vegetables, beans, and legumes.

Pairing carbohydrates that lack fiber with a good source of protein, fat, or additional fiber can help delay the rapid peak and fall of blood sugar levels, aiding in more regulated energy release throughout the day. Eating a meal/snack that pairs carbohydrates + protein, healthy fat,s and fiber every ~3-4 hours is ideal for boosting and balancing energy levels throughout the day. To build a balanced meal, pick one item from each category below:

• Complex carbohydrate (ideally >3 grams fiber/serving):
  • 100% whole wheat bread, pasta, bagels, muffins, or tortillas
  • Brown rice, quinoa, bulgur, and other whole grains
  • Beans and legumes
  • Fruits and vegetables, especially those with skins and seeds intact
• Healthy fat:
  • Plant-based oils (avocado oil, olive oil)
  • Nuts - almonds, pistachios, walnuts, etc.
  • Seeds - flaxseed, chia seed, hemp seeds
  • Nut butters ○ Avocados
  • Fatty fish
•  Protein:
  • Lean beef or pork
  • Chicken
  • Fish/seafood
  • Eggs
  • Low-fat dairy products (Greek yogurt, cottage cheese, milk)
  • Protein supplements - shakes, powders, bars, and other fortified foods

Why is it so Tough?

It’s that time of year where vacations, work, school, and even the sunshine dictate our schedule. After nearly 6 months of trying to attain New Year’s Resolutions, it can be hard to keep momentum with all of these variables influencing how we spend our time. Some may be on track to meet their goals, while others may have faced some adversity, or some haven’t set goals just yet. The good news is that January 1 is not the only day you can set goals – maybe today is the day for you!

What Can I Do?

Fortunately, there is a lot you can do! Below are just a few ways you can get on track to be the best version of yourself and improve your well-being!

Set New Goals

Like I said, we are not limited to our New Year’s resolutions. We should frequently look to improve or adjust our goals based on where we are. If a goal was met – Great! Push your boundaries a bit further. If a goal was not met – no worries! Adjust your goals to account for the season of life you are in this Summer. If you haven’t made a goal and don’t know where to start – we are here to help! Reach out to a staff member to maximize your fitness journey!

Sign Up for Events & Classes

Events offered by not only NIFS but also the community provide external sources of motivation to keep momentum high. By signing up for an event, you are essentially setting a goal of some level to participate in the event and perform to a certain degree, which is a great starting point to increase motivation.

Signing up for classes at NIFS is an excellent way to create accountability and establish consistency in your routine, while also taking the burden of programming off your shoulders and on our superb staff! Additionally, being part of the NIFS community in classes helps establish social support in your pursuit of fitness.

Incorporate Portable Exercise

Schedules can be demanding and dynamic at this point in the year. The best way to accommodate schedules is to utilize exercises that you can do anywhere! Bodyweight exercises are a great way to make your workout portable. Investing in a set of resistance bands can go a long way when you are traveling, which allow you to not only create variety in your training but also provide a high enough training stimulus to create gains!

Go Outside!

This is another great way to make your exercises portable and enjoyable! It can be hard to go inside the gym when the weather is beautiful, so why not take the gym outside?! Combining the methods in the previous section with outdoor activity can be an easy way to boost exercise enjoyment and get your daily dose of Vitamin D. Try our Free Fitness in the Park on Tuesday and Thursday at noon this summer at White River State Park.

Momentum is hard to keep during the Summer, but there are easily implementable methods to keep it up. Try setting new goals, sign up for events or classes, make your training portable, and go outside! If you need any help, our staff is well-equipped to provide guidance in your pursuit of health and wellness!

Learn more about our services and opportunities at NIFS.

Vacations are all about relaxing, unwinding, exploring and trying new things - including food! However, when your goal is to eat healthier, vacation can be a major obstacle. Food is often used to resolve airport and road trip boredom and many of us fall victim to the “vacation mindset” - or using vacation as an excuse to go off the rails and overindulge. To stay on track without sacrificing your happiness, incorporate the following:

Plan Ahead

First things first, have a plan! Do some research ahead of time to determine what your options are for eating - will you eat most of your meals out, or will your accommodations have a kitchen or kitchenette for preparing meals at home? If eating out, scout for local options with healthier choices, such as fresh seafood, grilled cuts of meat, and plant-based dishes. If you have a kitchen, consider grocery shopping when you arrive so you have healthy staples and snacks on hand to help reduce the frequency of eating out, as restaurant meals are often higher in calories, fat, and salt.

Stick to the 80/20 Rule

While 100% of vacation should be enjoyable, it shouldn’t all be spent indulging. Aim for balance by practicing the 80/20 rule where you eat well and stick to your routine about 80% of the time, while saving the other 20% for treats and indulgences. Avoiding an “all or nothing” mindset and allowing yourself to enjoy the foods you want can prevent guilt and ultimately overeating or the urge to binge.

Splurge Wisely

When you do decide to splurge, don’t double down. For example, if you’re going for a hearty dinner, perhaps skip the appetizers, desserts and/or calorie-containing beverages like sodas, juices, and alcoholic beverages. Keep in mind that common vacation beverages like margaritas, pina coladas and daquiris can have up to 500 calories per drink!

Move More

Exploring your destination on foot is a great way to stay active and experience local culture. Try a walking tour or see the city via a bike. Keep your body moving throughout the day with fun physical activities such as kayaking, beach volleyball, paddle boarding or snorkeling. If possible, choose accommodations with a fitness center or pack your own gear (resistance bands, yoga mat, etc).

Heading Home

If you slip up and overindulge, don’t beat yourself up. Instead, focus on the fun you had, the memories you made, and your plan for getting back on track and setting yourself up for success when you return from your trip. Avoid trying to restrict yourself to compensate for overindulging, as this will only contribute to the “binge-restrict” cycle that many of us fall susceptible to.

Running in the summer can be a pleasantly dangerous experience! As the sun shines and temperatures rise, the risk of heat-related illnesses increases. Listening to your body and adhering to the following recommendations will not only help prevent heat-related illnesses but make summer running an enjoyable experience!

1. Timing and Planning

The coolest parts of the day tend to be mornings and evenings. If you are planning to run, be proactive and look ahead at the weather forecast. Planning your runs at these times of day will limit the risk of excessive heat exposure. If you must run in the heat of the day, plan a mostly shaded route to limit sun exposure.

2. Find Your Happy Pace

Running in the heat naturally puts more strain on your body leading to increased heart rate. In many cases, runners are unable to sustain their regular paces in hotter conditions. If this occurs, settle into a slower pace that feels comfortable and sustainable to you.

3. Hydration & Electrolytes

Hydration is key in summer running. Increased sweat is associated with increased temperatures. Drinking an adequate amount of water before, during, and after your run is crucial in preventing dehydration. I would recommend drinking at least ½ your body weight in ounces of water to ensure proper hydration. Electrolytes are essential nutrients our body expels in the form of sweat. Consuming an electrolyte drink, banana, or salty snack after a run can help replenish the contents lost in sweat.

4. Listen To Your Body

Knowing and recognizing the signs of heat illness are important when embarking on summer runs. Symptoms of heat exhaustion include dizziness, headache, nausea, and weakness. If these symptoms occur, find the quickest way to cool off immediately. Symptoms of heat stroke include high body temperature, rapid pulse, and confusion. If these symptoms occur, seek medical attention immediately.

With the right approach, running in the summer can be a safe and enjoyable experience! Make sure to check the weather, plan runs during cooler times of day, adjust your pace, and recognize the signs of heat illness to ensure safety during these warmer months. Stay cool, and happy running!

Summer brings longer days and plenty of sunshine, perfect for outdoor activities and adventures. However, the heat can also lead to dehydration. Here are some essential hydration tips to keep you cool and refreshed all summer long:

1. Drink Plenty of Water - during the hot summer months, especially when engaging in physical activity it's important to increase your water intake. Strive for at least 8 glasses of water daily. Carry a reusable water bottle throughout the day to remind yourself to hydrate.

2. Eat Hydrating Foods - incorporate fruits and vegetables into your diet that are rich with water such as cucumbers, watermelon, strawberries, and oranges. These foods not only provide hydration but are also provide essential vitamins and minerals.
  
3. Infuse Your Water - water can be boring, add flavor by infusing with fresh fruits, herbs, or vegetables. Combinations like lemon and mint, or cucumber and lime make for great flavors. Make a pitcher to have on hand and fill your glass throughout the day to stay hydrated.

4. Monitor Your Urine Color - light yellow to clear urine will typically indicate proper hydration. If you notice a darker color, that's a good indication you need to increase your water intake. 
  
5. Avoid Excessive Caffeine and Alcohol - limit your intake of caffeine and alcohol during extreme temperatures. If you do choose to consume these beverages, be sure to create balance and drink water as well. 
   
6. Drink Electrolyte-Rich Beverages - when exercising or exerting energy you lose electrolytes. Incorporate coconut water or sports drinks to replace lost electrolytes. Be mindful of your choices as some options contain more sugar than others, opt for choices with lower sugar levels.
 
7. Schedule Outdoor Activities Wisely - plan accordingly when heading outdoors. Early mornings or late afternoon might be the best options to avoid that mid-day heat! If you are outdoors, be sure to take frequent breaks, seek shade and have your water on hand.
 
8. Wear Lightweight, Breathable Clothing - your clothing choices can help keep you cool in the heat. Choose breathable fabrics like cotton to help allow your skin to breathe. Wearing sunglasses and a wide-brimmed hat can help provide you relief from the sun and reduce risk of overheating.

9. Listen to Your Body - don't wait until you are thirsty to drink water. Listen to your body and pay attention to the signs of dehydration such as dizziness, headache, fatigue and dry mouth. If you experience any of these take steps to rehydrate.

10. Stay Cool Indoors - take cool showers to help lower your body temperature if you start to feel overheated. Cool off in air conditioning or with a fan, especially on excessively hot days. 

These tips can help you enjoy a fun and active summer while staying hydrated. Remember, hydration is key to keeping your body functioning properly, especially in the heat. 

Summer is the perfect time to rejuvenate not only your spirit but also your diet. The warmer months bring an abundance of fresh produce, longer days, and a general sense of renewal, making it an ideal time to experiment with new nutritional habits. Here’s how you can make the most of summer by trying new things in your diet.

1. Explore Local Farmers' Markets – One of the best ways to dive into new nutritional habits is by visiting local farmers' markets. These markets offer a wide variety of fresh, seasonal produce that you might not find in regular grocery stores. Trying out new fruits and vegetables can help you incorporate different nutrients into your diet, enhance your meals with vibrant flavors, and support local agriculture.

• Try something unfamiliar: Pick up a fruit or vegetable you've never tried before, like starfruit, or purple carrots.
• Ask for advice: Farmers are often happy to share cooking tips and recipes for their produce.

2. Incorporate Plant-Based Meals – Summer is a fantastic time to incorporate more plant-based meals into your diet. With an abundance of fresh vegetables and fruits available, creating delicious, plant-based dishes can be easier and satisfying.

• Grilled Veggie Skewers: Combine colorful bell peppers, zucchini, cherry tomatoes, and mushrooms on skewers and grill them for a tasty, nutrient-packed meal.
• Smoothie Bowls: Blend frozen berries, bananas, and spinach with a splash of almond milk, and top with granola, chia seeds, and fresh fruit.

3. Hydrate with Natural Beverages – Staying hydrated is crucial during the hot summer months. Instead of reaching for sugary sodas or artificially flavored drinks, try hydrating with natural beverages.

• Infused Water: Add slices of cucumber, lemon, mint, or berries to a jug of water for a refreshing twist.
• Herbal Iced Teas: Brew herbal teas like hibiscus, peppermint, or chamomile and serve them chilled with a touch of honey or a squeeze of fresh citrus.

4. Experiment with Global Cuisines – Summer is a wonderful time to broaden your culinary horizons by exploring global cuisines. Many cultures emphasize fresh, seasonal ingredients and bold flavors, which can add excitement to your meals.

• Mediterranean Diet: Emphasize fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats. Try dishes like Greek salads, hummus, and grilled fish.
• Asian-Inspired Meals: Incorporate stir fry, sushi, and noodle salads with plenty of fresh veggies and lean proteins.

5. Grow Your Own Produce – If you have space, consider starting a small garden. Growing your own herbs, fruits, and vegetables can be incredibly rewarding and ensures you have fresh, organic produce at your fingertips.

• Herb Garden: Even a small windowsill can support a thriving herb garden with basil, parsley, cilantro, and mint.
• Vegetable Patch: Tomatoes, cucumbers, and peppers are relatively easy to grow and do well in summer gardens.

6. Mindful Eating Outdoors – Take advantage of the beautiful weather by enjoying meals outside. Mindful eating, where you focus on the taste, texture, and experience of eating, can enhance your relationship with food and improve digestion.

• Picnics in the Park: Pack a healthy picnic with whole-grain sandwiches, fresh fruit, and vegetable sticks.
• Al Fresco Dining: Set up a dining area on your patio or balcony and enjoy meals with family and friends in the open air.

7. Make Healthy Frozen Treats - Beat the heat with homemade frozen treats that are both delicious and nutritious.

• Fruit Popsicles: Blend fresh fruit with a bit of juice or yogurt, pour into molds, and freeze.
• Frozen Yogurt Bites: Dollop a spoonful of yogurt on a baking sheet, top with berries and a drizzle of honey, and freeze for a quick, healthy snack.

Summer offers a unique opportunity to refresh your diet and embrace new nutritional habits. By exploring local markets, incorporating plant-based meals, hydrating with natural beverages, experimenting with global cuisines, growing your own produce, practicing mindful eating, and indulging in healthy frozen treats, you can enhance your overall health and enjoy the season to its fullest. So, step out of your comfort zone and make this summer a delicious and nutritious adventure!

Learn how to build new, healthier habits whether you're trying to lose weight, manage a health issue, or just feel better. Click below to connect with a qualified nutrition coach who can give you the support and guidance you need to achieve your goals.

As we head into late summer, balancing a busy schedule with healthy eating can be difficult. Here are three quick and easy dinner recipes you can make in less than 30 minutes, giving you more time for fun summer activities! 

Shrimp Sushi Bowl

Servings: 4

5 TB light mayonnaise
2 tsp red curry paste
10 ounces (2 standard packages) frozen riced cauliflower
3 TB sesame oil 
1½ lbs uncooked shrimp, peeled and deveined 
2 garlic cloves, minced
1 tsp salt 
1 medium ripe avocado, seeded, peeled, and sliced 
1 medium cucumber, sliced
½ cup julienned carrots 
2 green onions, thinly sliced
1 lime, sliced into wedges 

1. In a small bowl, mix mayonnaise and red curry paste.
2. Prepare riced cauliflower according to package directions.
3. In a large skillet, heat oil over medium heat. Add shrimp and cook until pink, or about 5–7 minutes. Add garlic and salt and cook for 1 additional minute. Remove from heat. 
4. Divide cauliflower among 4 bowls. Top each bowl with shrimp, avocado, cucumber, carrot, and green onion. Drizzle each bowl with curry mayonnaise mixture and garnish with lime.

Nutrition Facts: 377 calories, 22g total fat (3.5g saturated fat), 14g carbohydrate (5g fiber, 4g sugar) and 32g protein.

Grilled Zucchini Hummus Wrap (Vegan)

Servings: 2

1 zucchini, sliced 
Salt and pepper, to taste 
1 TB olive oil 
1 medium tomato, sliced (or 1 handful cherry tomatoes)
⅛ cup sliced red onion
1 cup kale
2 slices white cheddar cheese 
2 large tortillas 
4 tablespoons hummus (any flavor)

1. Heat a skillet over medium heat. 
2. Toss zucchini in olive oil and sprinkle with salt and pepper. Add to skillet and cook for 3 minutes before flipping and cooking for an additional 2 minutes. 
3. Remove zucchini from skillet and reduce heat to low. Heat tortillas one at a time in skillet for 1 minute each. 
4. Remove tortillas from skillet and assemble wraps with sliced zucchini, tomato, onion, kale, 1 slice of cheese, and 2 TB hummus. Wrap tightly and serve. 

Nutrition Facts: 366 calories, 20g total fat (6g saturated fat), 660mg sodium, 38g carbohydrates (7.5g fiber, 6g sugar), and 13.5g protein. 

Chicken and Cucumber Lettuce Wraps with a Simple Peanut Sauce 

Servings: 4 (2 lettuce wraps per serving) 

¼ cup creamy peanut butter 
2 TB low-sodium soy sauce 
2 TB honey 
2 TB water 
2 tsp toasted sesame oil 
2 tsp olive oil 
3 scallions, sliced (separate whites and greens) 
1 Serrano pepper, seeded and minced 
1 TB minced fresh ginger 
2 tsp minced fresh garlic 
16 ounces ground chicken breast 
1 cup diced jicama 
16 Bibb lettuce leaves 
1 cup cooked brown rice 
½ medium English cucumber, thinly sliced 
½ cup fresh cilantro 
lime wedges, for serving

1. Whisk peanut butter, soy sauce, honey, water, and sesame oil in a small bowl. 
2. In a large nonstick skillet, heat olive oil over medium heat. Add scallion whites, Serrano pepper, ginger, and garlic and cook until slightly soft, or about 2 minutes. Add chicken and cook until cooked through, about 3–4 minutes. 
3. Add the peanut sauce to the chicken mixture and cook until sauce has thickened, about 3 minutes. Remove from heat and stir in jicama and scallion greens. 
4. Prepare lettuce wraps by dividing rice, chicken mixture, cucumber, and cilantro among the each lettuce leaves. Serve with lime wedge garnish. 
5. Nutrition Facts (per 2 lettuce wraps with sauce): 495 calories, 19g fat (4g saturated fat), 400mg sodium, 39g carbohydrates (6.5g fiber, 14g total sugar, 8.5g added sugar), 44g protein. 

This blog was written by Lindsey Recker, MS, Registered Dietitian. To learn more about the NIFS bloggers, click here.

Vacation is supposed to be fun, enjoyable, and relaxing. When it comes to weight loss attempts or making healthy choices in general, however, traveling can be a challenge. Here are some of our RD’s best tips for healthy eating when traveling or on vacation.

• Pack your own snacks. If you’re road-tripping, instead of stopping at gas stations, convenience stores, or fast-food restaurants, pack a cooler with healthier alternatives, such as fresh fruit, washed and ready-to-eat veggies (carrots, cucumbers, celery, etc.), homemade sandwiches, protein and/or high-fiber granola bars, or single-serving yogurt cups or cheese sticks.
• Eat at home. If your vacation home or hotel has kitchen access, be sure to make use of it! Instead of eating out for each meal, which is not only expensive but also typically provides more calories, fat, and sodium, try preparing something for yourself at home.
• Move more. If possible, incorporate physical activity into your trip. No, this doesn’t mean you have to get a weeklong gym membership for your vacation; rather, spend time walking along the beach, riding bikes, or participating in another physical activity. If you’ll be on the road, be sure to walk around or stretch when you stop to rest.
• Stay hydrated. Bring a refillable water bottle with you on your trip to save money and stay hydrated, especially if you’re traveling somewhere with a lot of sun or high temperatures.
• Be mindful. Vacation shouldn’t be an excuse to overdo it, however; you should still enjoy yourself! Instead of indulging at each opportunity, perhaps limit yourself to indulging in a special or sweet treat just once a day.
  
  

This blog was written by Lindsey Recker, MS, RD, NIFS Registered Dietitian. To learn more about the NIFS bloggers, click here.

We all know it’s essential to stay hydrated in the summer, and that the best way to do so is by drinking plenty of water. But is there a certain type of water, such as “alkaline” water, that offers better hydration? Here’s what our Registered Dietitian has to say.

Alkaline vs. Acid

Alkaline water is typically fortified with small amounts of “alkalizing” minerals such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, and/or sodium in order to increase its pH, making it less acidic. The pH scale is used to specify the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of a water-based solution. The pH scale ranges from 0, highly acidic, to 14, highly basic. For perspective, some everyday liquids and their respective pHs include

• battery acid (pH = 0)
• tomato juice (pH = 4)
• baking soda (pH = 9)
• bleach (pH = 13)

Pure water has a pH of 7, alkaline water typically has a pH of 8 or 9.

The Hypothesis

Some individuals hypothesize that drinking water with a higher pH than that of the body’s blood (between 7.35 and 7.45 for healthy individuals) can help decrease acidity in the body by raising its overall pH. However, the pH of the body is tightly regulated by our kidneys and lungs, and excessive acid buildup is unlikely, unless an underlying health condition is present, such as kidney or respiratory failure, severe infection, uncontrolled diabetes, or physical muscle trauma. Even in cases such as these, a lot more would need to be done than drinking water with a slightly higher pH than that of the body. With a pH of closer to 2–3, stomach acid likely neutralizes the water immediately, regardless of how high its pH is. And even if the extra “alkaline” in alkaline water was able to make it into our bloodstream, it would quickly be filtered by our kidneys and removed from the body by way of our urine.

Is It Safe?

Overall, alkaline water is still water; therefore, it is generally safe for consumption and serves its main purpose: to hydrate you. However, any out-of-the-ordinary health benefits boasted on the label are likely just a marketing tactic. Nevertheless, alkaline water is a great choice for hydration, especially when compared to sugary, high-calorie beverages such as soda, sugary sports drinks, and/or juice. Be sure to stay hydrated this summer by drinking plenty of water—alkaline or not!

This blog was written by Lindsey Recker, MS, RD, NIFS Registered Dietitian. To learn more about the NIFS bloggers, click here.

It is estimated that there are almost 48 million cases of foodborne illness/food poisoning in the United States each year (source: https://www.foodsafety.gov/food-poisoning). Of these cases, around 128,000 individuals are hospitalized and about 3,000 deaths occur. Rates of foodborne illness are higher during the summer months, as they are often warmer and more humid—the ideal environment for bacterial growth. In addition, many people participate in outdoor food-related activities, such as picnics, barbeques, and campsites, where the typical safety controls of a kitchen, such as refrigeration, cooling, and running water, are not always available

Keep reading to learn about the common causes of food poisoning, their symptoms, and steps you can take to protect your food this summer.

Common Food Poisoning Culprits and Their Symptoms

The onset time of the signs and symptoms of food poisoning depend on the type of virus, bacteria, or other pathogen you were exposed to and the symptoms can range from mild to severe. Some of the most common food borne illness causing pathogens and their symptoms include the following.

Salmonella

Symptom onset: 6 hours to 6 days after exposure.

Signs and symptoms: Diarrhea, fever, stomach cramps, vomiting.

Food sources: Raw or undercooked poultry and meat; eggs, unpasteurized (raw) milk and juices; raw fruits and vegetables.

Staphylococcous aureus (Staph)

Symptom onset: 30 minutes to 8 hours after exposure.

Signs and symptoms: nausea, vomiting, stomach cramping.

Food sources: Foods that are not cooked after handling (sliced meats, pudding, sandwiches, etc.).

Clostridium Perfringens

Symptom onset: 6 to 24 hours after exposure.

Signs and symptoms: Diarrhea and stomach cramps (vomiting and fever are uncommon).

Food sources: Beef, poultry, gravies, dried and/or precooked foods.

Norovirus

Symptom onset: 12 to 48 hours after exposure.

Signs and symptoms: Diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, vomiting.

Food sources: Leafy greens, fresh fruit, shellfish, unsafe water.

Clostridium Botulism

Symptom onset: 18 to 36 hours after exposure.

Signs and symptoms: Double/blurry vision, drooping eyelids, slurred speech, muscle weakness.

Food sources: improperly canned or fermented foods.

Escherichia Coli (E Coli)

Symptom onset: 3 to 4 days after exposure.

Signs and symptoms: Severe stomach cramping, vomiting, diarrhea (sometimes bloody).

Food sources: Raw or undercooked ground beef, unpasteurized (raw) milk and juices, raw vegetables (sprouts, lettuce), unsafe water.

Listeria

Symptom onset: 1 to 4 weeks after exposure.

Signs and symptoms: headache, stiff neck, fever, muscle aches.

Food sources: Soft cheeses, raw sprouts, fresh melon, hot dogs, and other deli meats.

Individuals at Increased Risk for Foodborne Illness

People who are most at risk include the following:

• Pregnant women and infants.
• Children younger than 5 years old.
• Elderly (> 65 years of age).
• Immunocompromised (cancer, HIV/AIDS, autoimmune diseases, etc.)

6 Steps for Practicing Food Safety This Summer

Follow these tips to avoid food poisoning at your summer gatherings.

Wash Your Hands

Always wash your hands with warm, soapy water for at least 20 seconds before, during, and after food preparation and handling. Be sure to dry your hands completely after washing using a clean towel. If you don’t have running water or access to safe water, be sure to bring wet disposable wipes, paper towels, and surface disinfectant for cleaning hands, cooking surfaces, and utensils.

Keep Cutting Boards and Utensils Clean

Use separate cutting boards, serving dishes and other utensils (tongs, spatulas, etc) for cooked and raw foods. Be sure to thoroughly wash all items that come into contact with raw food with warm soapy water prior to reuse.

Get a New Plate After Handling Raw Meats

Never serve cooked foods on the same plate or platter that once held raw meat, poultry, or fish to avoid cross-contamination.

Thaw in the Refrigerator

Thaw food in the refrigerator rather than at room temperature or on the counter.

Cook to Safe Internal Temperatures

Use a food thermometer to ensure the food reaches safe internal temperatures:

• Beef, pork, lamb, veal (steaks, roasts, chops, etc.): 145F
• Ground meats (hamburgers, etc.): 160F
• Whole and ground poultry (chicken, turkey): 165F

Don't Leave Food Out

Refrigerate leftovers within 2 hours after cooking. If outdoor temperatures exceed 90F, refrigerate perishable foods within 1 hour. Keep your refrigerator below 40F.

This blog was written by Lindsey Recker, MS, RD, NIFS Registered Dietitian. To learn more about the NIFS bloggers, click here.